SGLT2 inhibitors (also Gliflozin or Flozin called) are a modern class of active ingredients for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They act independently of insulin by inhibiting the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys - the excess sugar is simply excreted in the urine.
Mode of action
SGLT2 inhibitors block sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in the kidneys. This will:
- Approximately 60–100 g of glucose is excreted in the urine every day
- Blood sugar levels lowered
- A calorie loss of around 240-400 kcal per day is achieved
- Blood pressure slightly lowered (through natriuresis)
Important active ingredients and preparations (as of 2026)
| active ingredient | Brand names | Typical dosage |
|---|---|---|
| Empagliflozin | Jardiance | 10-25 mg once daily |
| Dapagliflozin | Forxiga | 5-10 mg once daily |
| Canagliflozin | Invokana | 100-300 mg once daily |
| Ertugliflozin | Steglatro | 5-15 mg once daily |
Advantages
- Weight loss (2–4 kg)
- Lowering blood pressure
- Strong protection for the heart and kidneys (less heart failure, less kidney failure)
- No increased risk of hypoglycemia with monotherapy
Side effects and safety
Common: genital fungal infections and urinary tract infections. Important: Take a temporary break in the event of illness, vomiting or surgery (sick day rule) to avoid the risk of ketoacidosis.
Further information:
→ Diabetes mellitus – knowledge and overview
→ Why hyporest
→ Type 2 diabetes
Sources
- German Diabetes Society (DDG). S3 guideline “Type 2 diabetes”. As of 2025. Available at: www.deutsche-diabetes-gesellschaft.de/leitlinien.
- American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1). Available at: diabetesjournals.org.
- Robert Koch Institute (RKI). Federal health reporting – diabetes mellitus in Germany. Berlin 2024.
- International Diabetes Federation (IDF). IDF Diabetes Atlas. 11th edition. Brussels 2025. Available at: diabetesatlas.org.
Important note:
The information in this encyclopedia article is intended solely for general and non-binding information. They do not replace medical advice, diagnosis or therapy. If you have any health questions or complaints, please always consult a doctor or qualified healthcare professional. The content was created with the greatest possible care, but errors cannot be completely ruled out.
Last updated: February 26, 2026
